Mica and men review :: essays research papers

Of Mice and Men Review Of mice and men was such a great movie it was shocking that it didn’t receive any Academy Awards. Gary Sinise made a heart effecting very well done adaptation on Steinbeck’s classic novel. It is set in the great depression, where men travel around trying to get any work they can. It is based around two characters George (Gary Sinise) and Lennie (John Malkovich). Both characters care for each other deeply and take care of one another. Lennie has a mental disability but is very strong, whereas George is very intelligent and cunning and he does the thinking for both of them, while Lennie does a lot of the work. Both Lennie and George find themselves working on a ranch during harvest season with a variety of other quaint characters. The foreman of this ranch is named Curley and Curley’s unnamed wife who plays an important role. The life of these two men is held up by a dream of one day owning their own piece of land. Candy(Ray Waltson) is an old cripple and old ranch hand, he finds out about George and Lennie’s plan to buy land he wants to buy into it. Crook's is another character, a black labourer that is left lonely because he is excluded, and Slim who is a labourer who the others tend to look up to. Curley’s wife likes to show off the fact that she’s good looking and in turn, tends to get people into trouble. Sherilyn Finn quite convincingly plays the character of Curley’s wife. Unfortunately Curley’s wife can’t find anyone to pay attention to her leaving her lonely the same way some of the other characters feel. The film has some very strong acting throughout the film. The acting was led by the always wonderful John Malkovich as Lennie.

Red Hunting Hat Essay

What does symbolism add to a book? It adds morals and depth to the novel. It makes the reader learn something interesting or lets them gain knowledge of something that can change their outlook on how they perceive things. In the novel Catcher in the Rye, by J. D. Salinger, it is about a perplexed boy, Holden Caulfield. He has trouble dealing the issue of growing up. One of the major symbols in the book is Holden’s red hunting hat. Salinger uses the hat to signify Holden’s need for comfort and his adolescent problems and pressures. To begin, when reading the novel one seems to come upon Holden‘s red hunting hat many times while reading. This hunting hat demonstrates Holden’s need for safety and comfort. He was deprived of it when he was a child; for nobody ever asked him how he felt about his younger brother death and his moving to different schools. The assurance one object can create is immense and that’s exactly what it did for Holden. Holden decides to leave Pencey early and heads to New York City. In cab he puts on his hat and says â€Å"I’d put on my red hunting hat when I was in the cab, just for the hell of it, but I took it off before I checked in† (61). This quote illustrates how Holden feels the need to wear the hat in order to feel safe. He was out in New York City with nowhere to turn too and he had no place to go where he would feel welcomed. The hat seemed to give him a sense of ease, but with that comfort there is a price to pay because he also felt insecure about how people will perceive him while wearing the hat. the red hunting hat is Holden’s desire to be unique and keep his individuality. Not many people will walk down the street wearing a red hunting hat, especially the way Holden wears it. Holden always wore the hat a certain way. â€Å"I put my red hunting hat on, and turned the peak around to the back, the way I like it†¦ † (52). Holden always put his hat on this way, showing he is clearly different from the world. Usually when Holden is wearing his hat he tends to reject people, or has just previously rejected them. Subsequently, the hat also gives Holden insecurity that seems to cause him pressures that one usually obtains during teenage years. But at time his pressure seemed to be a little extreme. My ears were nice and warm, though. That hat I bought had earlaps in it, and I put them on – I don’t give a damn how I looked. Nobody was around anyway. Everybody was in the sack† (53). This quote exemplifies how Holden tends to take his image to seriously. Yet throughout the novel Holden says that people that are obsessed with their look are phony, showing the reader that at time he is a hypocrite considering he’s obsessed with his look also. Not only does this happen once or twice but numerous times in the book. The quote tries to explain that Holden does not care what people think about him and yet if he did not he would not have announced that everyone was sleeping and nobody could see him. When Stradlater gets home from his date with Jane Gallagher, he and Holden get in a fight. When it is over, both Holden and Stradlater are left in physical pain. â€Å"I kept sitting there on the floor till I heard old Stradlater close the door and go down the corridor to the can, then I got up. I couldn’t find my goddam hunting hat anywhere. Finally I found it†¦ I put it on, and turned the old peak around to the back, the way I liked it† (45). The fight that Holden has with Stradlater is about Stradlater going out on a date with Holden’s friend Jane Gallagher. Holden gets upset with Stradlater for doing that because he thinks that Stradlater will cause Jane to lose her innocence. After Holden puts his hat on he stops thinking about Jane’s innocence and about his face, a more rational, less emotional subject. This also verifies a very apparent fact Holden seems to not be able up make up his mind on great number of things He seems to find himself in a confused mess.

Mr. Jax Fashions

Mr.. Ajax is a professional/career woman's dresses and suits designer and manufacturer in Canada during late ass's. The Mr.. Ajax business level strategy is product design and quality. How did they do it? The following is a list of Distinctive Competencies that put Mr.. Ajax in the lead of professional/career woman's fashion Mr.. Ajax hired Louis Seaman who was a well-known women's fashion executive. At the time Mr.. Ajax didn't focus on professional/career woman's dresses and suits and Louis Seaman shifted the focus of the company into the professional/career woman's market segment.Quality of materials used. Mr.. Ajax purchased West Coast Woolen Mills Ltd. This acquisition, although it took time to be profitable, enabled Mr.. Ajax to take control of fabric production scheduling, design, and quality. At the time of market saturation in Canada most competitors used materials that were sub-par for the market segment. The quality and craftsmanship of the garments Mr.. Ajax made were see n as high quality garments produced from high quality materials.The majority of the competition at the time was producing garments off-shore (in Asian) which lead to finished products which could be seen as inferior to those companies that produced finished product only using North American materials and production lines. Mr.. Ajax had also developed a reputation when it came to delivery of goods. Mr.. Ajax had seen delivery rates as high as 90% for (time and orders fulfilled), compared to the industry average of 75%. Mr..Ajax financial reports (see chart below for fiscal years 1981 to 1988) show that there was steady growth in the business but the market has reached a saturation point as seen by the net profit line. (revenue, COGS, Gross Margin, Expenses, Net Profit). Porters Five Forces: Threat of New Entrants: High. Entry into the market can easily be done by any firms, rage or small, with very little startup costs to do so. Threat of Substitutes: High. In order to stay ahead of the threat of substitutes Mr.. Ajax needs, and has, stayed ahead of the competition by keeping tabs on what is happening in the European fashion industry.Bargaining Power of Buyers is high. Distributes have the power, and authority, to turn away deliveries for a number of reasons – lack of quality, outdated styles, breach of contractual obligations, etc. Mr.. Ajax needs to keep up the standards they have set with their buyers. Bargaining Power of Suppliers is low. Since Mr.. Ajax currently manufactures the trials they use (30 to 40 percent) to make professional/career woman's dresses and suits they have the option to negotiate with the other suppliers, current or new, for better prices.The Free Trade Agreement (FAT) also makes it easier for Mr.. Ajax to purchase textiles from other North American firms as they can take advantage of lowered or removed tariffs. Seaman has studied two alternatives approaches for entering the U. S. Market: 1 . Establishing a retailing chain, or 2 . A U. S. Based wholesale distribution subsidiary (regional or national) Given the amount of competition in the U. S. Establishing a retail chain would not be in the organization's best interest (even though this is the option with the highest rewards).I would suggest to Seaman that he move Mr.. Ajax into the U. S. Via a Regional Distribution Subsidiary, and the reasons for doing so are: Enough cash has been raised to support this entry move into the U. S. Without having to undertake drastic measures. Example: selling off less profitable companies (Surrey Classics or Olympic Pant and Sportswear) to raise more capital for a National Distribution Subsidiary Management for a National Distribution Subsidiary can be developed as the Regional Distribution Subsidiary grows. This will give Mr..Ajax time to see if the entry into the U. S. Is successful, and if so, what is needed to move forward. A Regional Distribution Subsidiary would allow Mr.. Ajax to develop distribution channels in the U. S. , which would be needed for a National Distribution Subsidiary. Also, a Regional Distribution Subsidiary would allow the consumers in the newly entered market to see the high quality, up to date fashions, and quality of goods. This will allow the consumers in the market segment to become acquainted with the new Canadian product.

Different Suffixes for Different Contexts

Different Suffixes for Different Contexts Different Suffixes for Different Contexts Different Suffixes for Different Contexts By Mark Nichol Many words derived from Latin have two (and occasionally three or more) possible plural forms. The distinction is usually between popular usage based on English plural endings grafted onto Latin terms and scientific or technical form based on a traditional reading of the original language. Here are discussions of alternatives for plural forms of six types of word endings. -as or -ae Antennas are devices for carrying radio signals; antennae are sensory organs attached to the heads of certain creatures. Formulas might be used in a comparison of beverage mixtures for infants (and for other popular usage and even business contexts), while formulae is the formal term for mathematical or scientific expressions. -eaus or -eaux French words borrowed into English that end in -eau usually take the English plural form -s. The form ending in -x is likely to be seen as pedantic unless it is clearly used in a mocking sense (as when a writer facetiously sympathizes with a billionaire who has felt compelled to sell one of several chateaux.) -exes/-ixes or -ices Words ending in -ex or -ix (appendix, index, matrix, vertex) are generally followed by the plural form -es in all but the most technical contexts, though in scholarly publishing, appendices is the norm to refer to two or more pieces of additional text following the main section of a book. -mas or -mata Few words derived from Greek that end in -ma are in general usage, at least in plural form. (Anathema, for example, is common in singular form but not in plural form.) Dogma and schema, however, take an -s plural ending in popular usage; -mata is the formal alternative. -ums or -a Words ending in -um sometimes take an -s as a plural ending in popular usage and -ia in scientific or technical contexts consortium, criterion, forum, spectrum, and symposium come to mind but several notable exceptions exist: Mediums applies informally to multiple objects such as garments labeled as medium size, or to two or more spiritualists, while forms of communication are almost invariably referred to as media; that form is also prevalent in digital technology. (In relatively obscure scientific contexts, media is the singular form, and mediae is the plural form.) Memoranda and millennia are the preferred plural forms even in popular usage. Phenomena is prevalent over phenomenons, but the latter form (or the truncation phenoms) might be used as slang to refer to more than one particularly talented person. us- or -i The singular form of octopus is used to refer collectively to specimens used as food. (â€Å"The main course was sautà ©ed octopus.†) Octopuses is the most sensible plural form in general; octopi is incorrect because octopus is from Greek, not Latin, and -i is a Latin plural suffix, but the Greek form, octopodes, employing the Greek plural suffix -odes, is rare. The same is true, generally, of the plural form of platypuses, though the singular form frequently does double duty. Cactus, however, is Latin (albeit botanical, rather than classical, Latin), not Greek. Cacti is the prevalent plural form, though cactus and cactuses are also common. Other words ending in -us vary in their plural form: focus, fungus, and radius become, depending on formality, focuses, funguses, and radiuses or foci, fungi, and radii, while corpus and genus take an -era ending (corpera, genera) in scientific contexts. The only correct plural form for census and prospectus is the English plural ending -es (and campi is a rare plural form for campus), but alumnus becomes alumni; alumnuses is incorrect. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Direct and Indirect ObjectsThe Six Spellings of "Long E"Supervise vs. Monitor

Compare and Contrast the East Asian and Argentine Crisis Essays

Compare and Contrast the East Asian and Argentine Crisis Essays Compare and Contrast the East Asian and Argentine Crisis Essay Compare and Contrast the East Asian and Argentine Crisis Essay What lessons can be learnt? â€Å"A financial crisis is â€Å"a situation where the supply of money is outpaced for the demand of money† (buisnessdictionary. com). It is necessary to first distinguish the three principal types of crisis which can be experienced individually or as a result of each other. The first type of crisis could be a banking crisis wherein people lose confidence in their banking system and systematically withdraw all of their savings.The second is an exchange rate crisis where inhabitants become worried about the strength of their currency and exchange it – in the context of this essay, into dollars. Thirdly is an external debt crisis which commences from an increase in foreign debt and no more loans are provided to a country as there is some perceived doubt that they will not be able to guarantee investment. The East Asian crisis is particularly astounding as it attacked some of the fastest growing economies.After such rapid growth in capital oft en described as the â€Å"Asian Miracle† how did a crisis in East Asia occur when the region had so much promise? The miracle that had occurred created a region rife with over investment and the success of the economies was taken for granted. Primarily, signs of the crisis started to emerge in Thailand with the collapse of their currency – the â€Å"baht† and it then became pegged to the US dollar. The crisis is now at an end but mainly due to the errors of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), it could take years for these countries to get back to their previous economic conditions. †¦ IMF policies not only exacerbated the downturn but were partially responsible for the onset†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Stiglitz 2002, pp 89) East Asia didn’t actually need any additional capital that they were pressured into receiving. South Korea for example was a region that had experienced admirable growth but realised the necessity for some deregulation or liberalisation. Th e US treasury believed the system of liberalisation implemented by South Korea was too slow and the treasury made the decision to speed up liberalisation for maximum profit making opportunities. The main cause of this crisis was extreme capital market and financial iberalisation pushed on East Asian regions by the IMF. South East Asian countries did not fully comprehend the policies in place so this also had a role in worsening the crisis. The IMF made the serious mistake of not researching the countries in which they were trying to help so policies implemented were generic and not specific. Eventually however, the World Bank was persuaded to do some research on the region of East Asia which was named â€Å"The East Asian Miracle† wherein East Asia saved and invested wisely and did not follow any advice of the Washington Consensus. However, the IMFand Treasury made their most profound mistakes in their initial response to the crisis† (Stiglitz, 2002, pp 104). The IMF ba dly diagnosed the problems in East Asia and understood the issues as being far more severe than they actually were. It can be debated that a further root of the East Asian Crisis was a weakness in the financial system and irresponsible lending. This risky lending is also known as â€Å"moral hazard† meaning loans were provided by banks knowing that little of their own money was being put at risk.Therefore, financial institutions had no incentive to reduce this risky lending as they did not have to face the consequences. The value of the floating currency fell and was no longer pegged to the US dollar. To a large extent, financial institutions became weak through foreign exchange risks. Economies such as Korea started to reluctantly permit their companies to borrow money from abroad. Suddenly these institutions that had been so willing to lend money originally were demanding repayment but unfortunately these developing countries did not have the reserves available to pay such liabilities.Speculative attackers also impacted the contagion and took advantage of the situation by trying to devalue the currency in order to make monetary gains. Government tried to fend off these attacks by buying up local currency until no reserves remained. Meaning the local currency eventually becomes devalued. Speculators make a profit by converting their money at the right point so that there were more â€Å"baht† to every dollar. The IMF responded as always and provided countries affected with large bail-outs in order to level out the exchange rate. The money was in reality used to pay back some of the loans aken out from the Western world. â€Å"It was thus, in part, a bailout to the international banks as much as it was a bailout to the country; the lenders did not have to face the full consequences of having made bad loans† (Stiglitz, 2002, pp95). The IMF added to the crisis by imposing a higher interest rate and strict monetary and fiscal polices in an ai m to attract investors. In reality, many companies were highly leveraged and were at risk of failure with fluctuating interest rates. Inevitably, this higher interest rate resulted in many bankruptcies and put the region into deeper recession.The higher inflation rate even forced capital out of the country! These IMF policies not only had negative effects in one country but brought down its neighbouring countries too. As one country reduced its imports from local countries contagion was enabled to spread also known as the â€Å"Beggar thy neighbour† policy. This is where the term â€Å"contagion† became more widely used to explain the rush of financial stability through East Asia. The contagion was exported to neighbours through increased Globalization which opens up barriers and in this case, created vulnerability.These countries were asked to cut their trade deficit and increase trade surplus by increasing exports or reducing imports. Reducing imports was the only vi able option so this went ahead and sparked a worldwide recession. The downturn was again being spread to neighbour countries and slow economic growth created a slump in commodity prices. As the crisis deepened the IMF proposed a need for â€Å"Restructuring† which was a priority but, as with all the other IMF policies, it merely succeeded in worsening the crisis. The East Asian crisis is now at an end and most Asian countries have become strong again.However, crucial mistakes were made by the IMF and the East Asian regions consequently took longer to recover. The second crisis I shall be analysing is that of Argentina which was viewed as one of the great countries in the Latin American continent until the late 1980’s when macro economic factors caused the strong economy to collapse. The events which occurred during this time were triggers of the crisis that began in 1997. Excessive Government spending during this period meant too much money was being printed as levels of inflation reached 5000% so Government corruption played a large role in over-spending.The Washington Consensus was then followed in an effort to restructure the economy. The Government then made the decision to peg the Argentine Peso to that of the US dollar hoping this would improve confidence and prevent hyperinflation. â€Å"At the time, the strategy worked, but in time Argentina suffered the disadvantages of such a fixed peg† (news. bbc. co. uk). Argentina had adopted a currency with an exchange rate which displayed little in common with their economy. Effectively, Argentina had given away any control they had had over their monetary policies.The interest rate could not be altered and the exchange rate wouldn’t be perceived as competitive. Furthermore, overspending on behalf of the Government and a pegged exchange rate meant Argentina was neither attractive nor competitive to investors. The next big thing to have an effect on the Argentine economy was known as t he â€Å"Tequila crisis† which occurred in Mexico with the collapse of their currency and resulted in making Argentina’s exports very expensive in comparison with its neighbours. The result of course was bankruptcies. The IMF gave funds to Argentina and growth did start to recover for a minimal period.However, this fund could not alter the fact that Argentine export levels continued to drop due to lack of competitiveness. Following this blow, came the devaluation of Brazil’s currency which naturally had further damaging effect on Argentine exports. Argentina’s neighbours benefited from a floating exchange rate meaning that the value of their currency depended upon market conditions. Argentina’s exchange rate was unfortunately pegged to the US dollar. â€Å"Moreover, as the peso was pegged to the dollar, it was overvalued when compared to its neighbours in the region making Argentina’s exports uncompetitive in world markets† (jstor. rg ). Consequently a large trade deficit arose hand in hand with increased unemployment. Further loans in dollars were taken out by Argentina at this point which just increased the high foreign debt burden they already held. Many companies had to be privatised which resulted in higher priced products and services therefore dampening product demand. Privatisation was not necessarily a bad strategy but in the short term did start a recession. Argentina had been left virtually powerless so altering fiscal policy was the only method that could be taken to better the situation.The Government continued to spend excessive proportions during this time and the continual increase in foreign liabilities meant the level of debt was spiralling out or control. The IMF pushed forward a contractionary fiscal policy, the same that was encouraged in East Asia. Argentina implemented a â€Å"convertibility law† stating that everybody had the right to exchange pesos in return for dollars. â€Å"To give credibility to that promise, the government provided that each peso in circulation would have to be backed by a dollar†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (jstor. rg). When pesos were being turned into dollars the supply of money at the central bank plummeted and yet again interest rates soared. This strategy had come to the end of its course as frequent inputs of cash did not bring the economy up to its former glory. â€Å"†¦With the overvalued exchange rate holding down its exports, it became evident that Argentina was headed into a debt trap† (fpif. org). As the exchange rate in Argentina was fixed at so high a level, the countries imports and export levels didn’t balance.The foreign debt exacerbated by taking out loans in dollars was even more so on the increase and it became necessary to devalue the peso in an aim to increase exports making Argentina attractive again. In the short term, currency devaluation provoked a surge of bankruptcies as the majority of loans had been ta ken out in dollars and became more difficult to repay when the value of the peso was weakened. â€Å"As the debt grew, the interest rate that Argentina had to pay foreign creditors also rose, further increasing the annual imbalance and accelerating growth of foreign debt†( jstor. rg). By increasing levels of foreign debt, Argentina was opening itself up and showing vulnerability to the evident risks of Globalization. Default of Argentina was impossible to avoid which turned out to be the biggest sovereign debt to be occurred by any region. Instead of the IMF providing the liquidity at a crucial time to help safely lower the value of the peso, they actually took upon themselves a strategy of adjusting the conditionality goal posts. Meaning Argentina couldn’t be provided with more funds until they agreed to every new set of policies imposed.Without injections of liquidity, inflation mounted and the social conditions within Argentina worsened. â€Å"Argentine GDP plummet ed 15% in the first quarter of 2002, open unemployment rose to nearly 25% and the number of Argentine households consuming below the poverty line soared above 50%† (fpif. org). When analysing the two crises, it can be viewed that there are many similarities but also many differences between the East Asian crisis and the Argentine crisis. Both the discussed regions received bail-outs from the IMF in order to try and sustain the exchange rate.Both of these regions had to follow the conditions in order to receive these bail-outs which did no prove successful in either case. The build of debt is one of the strongest similarities between the two crises as both of these regions experienced growing amounts of debt, short-term in East Asia and long-term in Argentina and corporations were heavily indebted in both regions. The slumping exports were caused in both regions as they were perceived as too expensive, whereas imports increased particularly in East Asia.The miracle that occurre d years before had created a boom in the region and â€Å".. sucked in ever increasing imports – from machinery and elevators to Mercedes Benz cars and French cognac†( Lassere, Schutte 1999, pp 20). An overvalued exchanged rate was a feature within both crises and had an underlying effect on exports and lack of investment into the regions. â€Å"The havoc that an overvalued exchange rate and excessive foreign debt caused in Argentina is certainly not unique. These two conditions, either singly or together, have been the cause of every currency crisis (e. south-east Asia) during the last two decades† (jstor. org). Due to the overvalued exchange rate, both of the regions experienced a lack of competitiveness. An additional significant alikeness between the two crises is the affect the dollar pegs had on creating vulnerability. Argentina’s peso was strongly linked to the US dollar, as were East Asian economies prior to 1997 and after this period had unoffici al links to the US dollar. Those East Asian countries which were linked to the US dollar suffered lack of competitiveness as in Argentina.Secondly, corruption featured highly in the Argentinean crisis and was a recurring feature within East Asia. The corruption in East Asia however was in a different form. The Argentine Government continued to overspend whereas the President of Indonesia for example was constantly accused of abusing his authority. Most crises including East Asia and Argentina result in contagion being spread to neighbouring countries. In both crises the level of exports decreased significantly and this naturally has had an onward affect upon surrounding economies.Although both regions exported their financial instability to neighbours, the extent to which this was done was more so in East Asia as this crisis attacked others on a global scale. In the case of Argentina, contagion did exist but to a much lower extent. â€Å"In addition, the Argentine crisis, having be en well anticipated, did not lead to Contagious fallout to other emerging economies in the region, let along the globe† (lkyspp. nus). The responsibility for the blame was put down to ill managed domestic policies and little thought went into whether financial crises could actually be contagious.The contagion from Argentina was dispersed mainly in Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay rather than spreading worldwide. The biggest difference between the two crises was the liberalisation which was pushed on East Asia by the IMF. Liberalisation was never forced upon Argentina by the IMF even though they were both developing countries and would both be at risk from liberalisation – particularly fast liberalisation as in East Asia. A second major contrast between the two crises was the Government which in East Asia has surpluses which was the opposite of Argentina’s status.The issue of demand was also significantly different in the two cases and should have altered the IMF†™s policies towards this as Argentina required less demand but East Asia on the other hand would have benefited from supplementary demand. While it is true that both crises were partly caused by that of mounting debt, this debt in Argentina was created through proliferate spending by the Government. East Asia accumulated their high level of debt in the private sector. Although contagion was rife in both crises, the third of three elements of contagion differed between East Asia and Argentina.In East Asia, there was a deficiency in opportunities for trade and furthermore created a reduction in imports in neighbour after neighbour. â€Å"This channel of contagion was powerful because, by the mid -1990’s, East Asia provided markets for more than half of the exports of East Asian developing economies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (McLeod, Garnaut, 1998, pp362). This element differed from the Argentine contagion as it made recuperation of East Asian regions more intricate. There are several le ssons that can be learnt from both of these crises in order to prevent similar consequences in other economies.The severity of the crisis in East Asia shows the necessity of creating strong macroeconomic policies which are region specific. The first lesson that can be taken is the importance of realistic macroeconomic policies for all concerned because of the globalization of financial markets. Institutional characteristics are crucial and a lack of control – particularly within the financial sector causes bankruptcies. The risky lending from financial institutions showed a lack of control over the institutions and the borrowers themselves. The banking industry naturally becomes weak and triggers crisis such as in East Asia.This highlights the need to provide support to liberalisation in the financial industry. â€Å"In addition, the East Asian crisis exposed inadequacies in he application of existing best practices in banking and financial intermediation, both areas where b etter information and guidance were needed† (imf. org). The second lesson to be learnt from the East Asian crisis is that liberalisation in the globalising world can sometimes be effective when countries are strongly encouraged to open their economies. East Asia however proved that liberalisation can actually destroy smaller dependant economies.This would indicate that it is necessary for a developing country to have strategies in place to limit risks that are associated with the effects of globalization. If liberalisation does occur in developing countries then it should be a slower process so the country can gain knowledge while the process is occurring in order to be adequately prepared for the challenges of this liberalisation. Thirdly, a further lesson to be learnt from East Asia is that on a macro economic level, foreign debt has to be strictly managed. Governments must take care to limit the amount of loans that can be taken out by companies in dollars.It can be debated that it was the excessive foreign debt that actually made the crisis so severe. If may seem that countries with higher levels of exports are able to maintain a high level of foreign debt, this, however is not the case. Export growth can slump as happened in most East Asian countries. Finally a strong feature of the East Asian crisis was the contagion that spread through neighbouring countries as effects are passed through the supply chain. An awareness of â€Å"exporting contagion† is necessary, as is constant guidance within the financial sector.This is the only evidence needed to show that no country can isolate itself from the events occurring in another. Additionally, neighbouring countries should be taken into consideration when devising policies that may suit one country but have negative effects on another. There are of course also lessons to be learnt from the ongoing crisis in Argentina. Firstly a fixed exchange rate should be avoided where possible as it leads to a n overvalued exchange rate. Moreover, the currency is unable to remain competitive in comparison with neighbouring countries inflicting plummeting exports and defaults.A floating exchange rate is necessary to combat such issues. Pegging a currency to the dollar is risky when the exchange rates are unstable. In addition to this, the Argentine crisis is a harsh lesson that Globalization exposes an economy to external shocks and adjustments in exchange rates need to be made to deal with this. Secondly and rather obviously as in the case of East Asia, foreign loans should be limited as excessive levels of borrowing is US dollar involves risk taking. If the dollar strengthens, as in East Asia, it is more difficult to pay back loans when they are rolled over.This excessive borrowing leads to defaults as experienced in 2001. To conclude, increasing foreign loans were the main cause to the deepening of both crises as this affected their viability for investment. Finally, there is one vital lesson that should be learnt when helping developing countries to avoid crisis like so many before. Fixed exchange rates are rarely beneficial for a developing country. As in both cases, it becomes overvalued when pegged against a currency of higher status and a crisis is inevitable when a country is not worthy of investment in comparison with its neighbours.

Wish War Veterans a Happy Veterans Day

Wish War Veterans a Happy Veterans Day The eleventh day of November is a special day. In the United States, the day is called Veterans Day. In some other parts of the world, it is called Remembrance Day, a day to honor military folk, who served during war.This day draws the nations attention to the sacrifices made by its war heroes. Americans express their collective pride for the armed forces. Mark TwainIn the beginning of a change, the patriot is a scarce man, and brave, and hated and scorned. When his cause succeeds, the timid join him, for then it costs nothing to be a patriot.Arthur Koestler The most persistent sound, which reverberates through mens history is the beating of war drums.Dan LipinskiOn this Veterans Day, let us remember the service of our veterans, and let us renew our national promise to fulfill our sacred obligations to our veterans and their families who have sacrificed so much so that we can live free.John DoolittleAmericas veterans have served their country with the belief that democracy and freedom are ideals to be upheld around the world. Veterans Day Background On November 11, 1918, the First World War officially ended. A year later, American President Woodrow Wilson formerly instituted Armistice Day to honor the brave hearts, who were martyred during the war. However, Second World War veteran Raymond Weeks from Birmingham, Alabama had a different vision. In 1945, Weeks announced that 11 November should honor all war veterans. Hence two years later, the first Veterans Day was observed, paying tribute to all those who served the military during war. Veterans Day is now a federal holiday across America. Veterans Day Celebrations in America On this day, military veterans are awarded medals and honors for their selfless hard work. At 11 a.m., the ceremony begins with the official wreath-laying at the Tomb of the Unknowns, followed by a colorful parade by various veterans service organizations, and speeches made by dignitaries. Elsewhere, states conduct their own parades, honoring brave military personnel, who served during wartime and peacetime. Gary HartI think there is one higher office than president and I would call that patriot.Douglas MacArthurIn my dreams I hear again the crash of guns, the rattle of musketry, the strange, mournful mutter of the battlefield.Michel de MontaigneValor is stability, not of legs and arms, but of courage and the soul.Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit The more we sweat in peace the less we bleed in war. Celebrating Courage Under Fire Writer George Orwell made a moving comment on civilians attitude to the military when he said, People sleep peaceably in their beds at night only because rough men stand ready to do violence on their behalf. Author Mark Twain also brought out the tragedy of being in a war. Twain wrote, Anyone who has ever looked into the glazed eyes of a soldier dying on the battlefield will think hard before starting a war.Remember these famous Veterans Day quotes when you offer your opinion during a conversation on war, peace, and the military. War is certainly not a game for the men and women who have to show courage under fire. Remember Your War Heroes If you love poetry, spare a moment to read Tommy, a classic poem by Rudyard Kipling. The poem talks about the publics hypocritical attitude to the common soldier, typified by Tommy Atkins. Towards the end of the poem, Kipling writes, Its Tommy this, and Tommy that,And chuck him out the brute,But its Savior of his Country,When the guns begin to shoot. Kipling may have been describing military life in Britain, but the poem has universal significance. Around the world, we fail to give our military heroes their due. As you read some Veterans Day quotations from poems, you will gain insight into the lives and motivations of those serving in the military. Byron PulsiferTo be free and to have a choice and a voice means that veterans have been quieted through death.Henry Ward BeecherAre they dead that yet speak louder than we can speak, and a more universal language? Are they dead that yet act? Are they dead that yet move upon society and inspire the people with nobler motives and more heroic patriotism?Jeff MillerThe willingness of America’s veterans to sacrifice for our country has earned them our lasting gratitude.

Qatar's CO2 Emissions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Qatar's CO2 Emissions - Research Paper Example Its per capita CO2 emissions are the highest in the world and are three times that of the US (Pearce). Although its emissions have multiplied four fold since 1990, the country is not penalized for it, as it is classified as a developing country, thereby escaping the need to set emission targets as per the Kyoto Protocol (Pearce). Considering the global drive to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment, Qatar has begun taking initiatives to keep its share of the global carbon emissions and greenhouse gases in check. The urgency to introduce measures to reduce its carbon footprint came to global notice after the UNDP Human Development Report of 2007 identified it as being the highest contributor to global carbon emissions with per capita CO2 emissions being 79.3 tones/capita (â€Å"Combating Qatar's CO2 emissions, Carbon World 2009 addresses reduction†). Effect of CO2 Emissions and Green House Gases (GHG) on the Environment Carbon dioxide and other GHGs such as sulphu r dioxide, methane and nitrogen oxides liberated upon burning fossil fuels have massive negative effects on the environment. These gases upon accumulation over the earth cause climatic changes due to global warming, which in turn affect other ecological features of the planet. CO2 and GHGs allow the sun’s heat to reach the earth’s surface; however, they do not allow the infrared light or heat emitted by the earth’s surface from leaving (Williams 6). This process results in the accumulation of heat on earth, much like what happens in a greenhouse. The trapping of heat results in global warming which in turn causes massive alterations in global climates. These climatic changes affect forests, vegetation, agriculture, and rainfall, apart from causing a rise in sea level by melting the polar ice sheets (ReVelle and ReVelle 376). Such changes adversely affect all life forms on earth. However, as Williams points out, the process that is actually occurring is more comp lex than greenhouse effect and global warming (6). He reasons that the earth is not a perfect sphere and has irregular features on its surface such as mountain ranges, forests, oceans, polar ice caps, etc. Not two regions display the same response to excess CO2  ­and GHGs in the environment. Therefore, as Williams argues, â€Å"future climate change is regional, not global† (6). High CO2 emissions lead to adverse effects on the climate, which influences not only agriculture and water levels, but also causes water stress and water insecurity, climatic disasters, adverse effects on human health, and even negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystem (GSDP 17). Considering the complex association between the climate, the environment and greenhouse gas emissions, it is understood that controlling and monitoring the carbon and ecological footprint of manmade processes is an indispensable requirement. Qatar is the Highest Country per Capita in CO2 Emissions As already stated, Qa tar’s per capita CO2 emissions are the highest in the world. The main reason for Qatar’s high CO2 emissions is its extremely high use of energy (Pearce). Qatar has large industries for the extraction and processing of its fossil fuel reserves (GSDP 104). These industries themselves have high energy consumption. Qatar is the largest producer of liquefied natural gas and exports a huge amount of its gas reserves to Europe and North America (Pearce). While liquefied natural gas is a clean fuel, its extraction and liquefaction is a very high energy consuming process and this contributes to the country’s already high carbon footprint. It can thus be said that while the country produces clean fuel that helps other countries meet